Rec No. 142 LNG BUNKERING GUIDELINES INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF CLASSIFICATION SOCIETIES (June 2016) iii Contents CHAPTER 1 General 1 Section 1 – Application 3 1.1 Introduction 5 1.2 Purpose 6 1.3 LNG bunkering process and guideline structure 7 1.4 Applicability 8 1.5 LNG Bunker Management Plan (LNGBMP) 9 Section 2 – Definitions, Applicable Standards and Rules 11 2.1 Terms and definitions 13 2.2 Standards and rules 20 Section 3 – Bunkering Methods 23 3.1 Description of typical ship bunkering arrangements 25 3.2 Examples of ship bunkering arrangements 27 Section 4 – Responsibilities During LNG Bunkering 31 4.1 Responsibilities during planning stage 33 4.2 Responsibilities during bunkering operations 39 4.3 Crew and personnel training and LNG awareness 43 Section 5 – Technical Requirements for Bunkering Systems 45 5.1 General 47 5.2 Loading arms and hoses arrangements 48 5.3 Couplings and connecting flanges 50 5.4 Leakage detection 51 5.5 ESD systems 52 5.6 Emergency Release Coupling (ERC) 55 5.7 Communication systems 57 5.8 Bunkering transfer rate 58 5.9 Vapour return line 59 5.10 Lighting 60 Rec No. 142 ..........................................................................LNG Bunkering Guidelines iv CHAPTER 2 Risk Assessment 61 Section 1 – LNG Bunkering Operations Risk Assessment 63 1.1 General 65 1.2 Risk assessment approach 66 1.3 Risk criteria 68 1.4 Guidance on a typical risk assessment for LNG bunkering operations 70 Section 2 – Safety and Security Zones 71 2.1 General 73 2.2 Hazardous area classification 74 2.3 Safety zones 75 2.4 Security zones 78 CHAPTER 3 Functional and General Requirements for LNG Bunkering Operation 79 Section 1 – Pre-bunkering Phase 81 1.1 Definition 83 1.2 Goal 84 1.3 Functional requirements 85 1.4 General requirements 86 1.5 Preparation for bunker transfer 87 1.6 Pre-bunkering checklist 92 1.7 Connection of the transfer system 93 Section 2 – Bunkering Phase 95 2.1 Definition 97 2.2 Goal 98 2.3 Functional requirements 99 2.4 General requirements 100 Section 3 – Bunkering Completion Phase 103 3.1 Definition 105 3.2 Goal 106 3.3 Functional requirements 107 v Rec No. 142 .......................................................................................................Contents 3.4 Draining, purging and inerting sequence 108 3.5 Post-bunkering documentation 110 Annex: Guidance on HAZID and HAZOP for LNG Bunkering Operations 111 Section 1 – HAZID for LNG Bunkering 113 1.1 Objectives 114 1.2 Scope 115 1.3 Process 116 1.4 Technique 117 1.5 Guidewords 118 Section 2 – HAZOP for LNG Bunkering Operations 119 2.1 Definition 121 2.2 Process 122 2.3 Scope 123 1 General Section 1 Application Section 2 Definitions, applicable standards and rules Section 3 Bunkering methods Section 4 Responsibilities during LNG bunkering Section 5 Technical requirements for bunkering systems CHAPTER 1 3 Section 1 – Application 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Purpose 1.3 LNG bunkering process and guideline structure 1.4 Applicability 1.5 LNG Bunker Management Plan (LNGBMP) Rec No. 142 .....................................................................................CHAPTER 1 General 5 1.1 Introduction LNG bunkering is developing worldwide in line with the increase of use of natural gas as a fuel compliant with environmental legislation. This guideline provides recommendations for the responsibilities, procedures and equipment required for LNG bunkering operations and sets harmonised minimum baseline recommendations for bunkering risk assessment, equipment and operations. These guidelines do not consider commercial aspects of the bunker transfer such as Bunker Delivery Notes and measurement of quantity or quality of LNG. Rec No. 142 ..........................................................................LNG Bunkering Guidelines 6 1.2 Purpose The purpose of these guidelines is mainly to define and cover the additional risks associated with bunkering LNG and to propose a methodology to deal with those additional risks in order to provide a similar level of safety as is achieved for traditional oil fuel bunkering operations. This document is designed to complement the requirements from the existing applicable guidelines and regulations, such as port and terminal checklists, operator’s procedures, industry guidelines and local regulations. This guide provides guidance to clarify the gaps that have been identified in the existing guidance and regulations. In particular, the following items are covered: • The responsibility of different parties involved in the LNG transfer, • The LNG bunkering process, • SIMOPS • Safety distances, • QRA and HAZID. Rec No. 142 .....................................................................................CHAPTER 1 General 7 1.3 LNG bunkering process and guideline structure LNG bunkering is the process of transferring LNG fuel to a ship from a bunkering facility. The sequence for a bunkering operation carried out between two parties for the first time is described in the following diagram; the references identify the applicable sections of the guideline. Risk Assessment •Safety and Risk Assessment phase •HAZID & HAZOP, QRA, Safety & Security zones •Chapter 2 & Annex LNG Bunkering Management Plan •Safety and Risk Assessment conclusions undertaken •Administrative authorisation & contractual agreement •Chapter 3 Section 1 Compatibility Assessment •Safety and Risk Assessment applied •Selection of equipment, training, Check List •Chapter 3 Section 1 Pre Bunkering Phase •Preparation for safe bunkering •Chapter 3 Section 1 Connection •Inerting, coupling and testing •Chapter 3 Section 1 Bunkering Phase •Monitoring and management of the LNG transfer •Chapter 3 Section 2 Disconnection •Draining, purging, safe storage of the hose and couplings •Chapter 3 Section 3 Post Bunkering Phase •End of the bunkering operation Planning Phas e Operational Phas e Figure 1: Bunkering process Rec No. 142 ..........................................................................LNG Bunkering Guidelines 8 1.4 Applicability These guidelines are applicable to LNG bunkering operations for: • Different methods, • Different ship types, and • Different locations (in port, off shore and terminal) worldwide.