i Recommendations for Oil and Chemical Tanker Manifolds and Associated Equipment First Edition 2017 The OCIMF mission is to be the foremost authority on the safe and environmentally responsible operation of oil tankers, terminals and offshore support vessels, promoting continuous improvement in standards of design and operation © Copyright OCIMF 2017 ii Issued by the Oil Companies International Marine Forum 29 Queen Anne’s Gate London SW1H 9BU United Kingdom First Edition Published 2017 Book ISBN: 978-1-85609-741-3 © Oil Companies International Marine Forum, Bermuda British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. The Oil Companies International Marine Forum (OCIMF) is a voluntary association of oil companies with an interest in the shipment and terminalling of crude oil, oil products, petrochemicals and gas. Our mission is to be the foremost authority on the safe and environmentally responsible operation of oil tankers, terminals and offshore support vessels, promoting continuous improvement in standards of design and operation. The Chemical Distribution Institute (CDI) is a non-profit and non-commercial organisation funded by the chemical industry to continuously improve the safety and quality performance of marine transportation and storage of bulk liquid chemicals. CDI manage global inspection schemes, providing consistent inspection data for the international chemical industry to use in their risk assessment processes. CDI is incorporated under the law of the Netherlands as the Stichting Chemical Distribution Institute and operates from a registered office in the United Kingdom. Terms of Use The advice and information given in ‘Recommendations for Oil and Chemical Tanker Manifolds’ (the Publication) is intended to be used at the user’s own risk. Acceptance or otherwise of recommendations and/or guidance in this Publication is entirely voluntary. The use of the terms ‘will’, ‘shall’, ‘must’ and other similar such words is for convenience only, and nothing in this Publication is intended or should be construed as establishing standards or requirements. No warranties or representations are given nor is any duty of care or responsibility accepted by the Oil Companies International Marine Forum (OCIMF), the membership or employees of OCIMF or by any person, firm, corporation or organisation (who or which has been in any way concerned with the furnishing of information or data, the compilation or any translation, publishing, supply or sale of the Publication ) for the accuracy of any information or advice given in the Publication or any omission from the Publication or for any consequence whatsoever resulting directly or indirectly from compliance with, adoption of or reliance on guidance contained in the Publication even if caused by a failure to exercise reasonable care on the part of any of the aforementioned parties. Published in 2017 by Witherby Publishing Group Ltd 4 Dunlop Square, Livingston EH54 8SB, Scotland, UK +44(0)1506 463 227 [email protected] witherbys.com Printed and bound by Trade Colour Printing, Penrith, UK Introduction iii Introduction The Oil Companies International Marine Forum (OCIMF) first published Standards for Oil Tanker Manifolds and Associated Equipment in 1971. The guidance was subsequently revised in a second edition, published in 1975, primarily to take account of changes in practice reflecting the increased usage of hard arms, the introduction of large diameter floating hoses at some Single Point Moorings (SPMs) and the increased frequency of lightering operations. Further revisions in 1981 and 1991 contained expanded recommendations on lifting equipment and vapour manifolds respectively as well as a new title Recommendations for Oil Tanker Manifolds and Associated Equipment. This new publication, the first edition of Recommendations for Oil and Chemical Tanker Manifolds and Associated Equipment supersedes the earlier titles. It takes account of the many years of industry experience with the previous guidance and builds on the earlier recommendations. The following summarises the more significant changes that have been introduced: • This is now a joint publication with the Chemical Distribution Institute (CDI), who have provided valuable input to support the development of recommendations for chemical tankers. • Guidance has been expanded to include chemical tankers and dual classed oil/chemical tankers with the aim of achieving improved compatibility with shore facilities, particularly when these vessels trade to oil terminals. • The four tonnage categories in the fourth edition of Recommendations for Oil Tanker Manifolds and Associated Equipment have been increased to seven. The new table is on page x. The new categories are: -Two new smaller tonnage categories. These address ships of less than 16,000 tonnes deadweight. The new categories are: • Category A which covers 5,000 tonnes deadweight or less. • Category B which covers 5,001 to 16,000 tonnes deadweight. -The previous tonnage category C, which covered ships of from 60,001 to 160,000 tonnes deadweight, has been divided into two categories. The new categories are: • Category E which covers 60,001 to 120,000 tonnes deadweight. • Category F which covers 120,001 to 160,000. Ship Tonnage CategorySummer Deadweight (tonnes) (sdwt) 19912017 A16,000 to 25,0005,000 or less B25,001 to 60,0005,001 to 16,000 C60,001 to 160,00016,001 to 25,000 DOver 160,00025,001 to 60,000 E60,001 to 120,000 F120,001 to 160,000 GOver 160,000 Table 0.1: Comparison table • New recommendations for ship owners to install higher capacity hose handling cranes and associated lifting equipment for cargo hose handling at offshore marine terminals on new ships contracted on or after 1 January 2019 has been introduced (see Oil and Chemical tanker tonnage categories on page ix and table 9.1). These recommendations are based on a study undertaken by OCIMF, published in OCIMF’s information paper A Study into Crane Loads Associated with Hose Handling at Offshore Terminals, which is available to download from www.ocimf.org. Recommendations for Oil and Chemical Tanker Manifolds and Associated Equipment iv • New recommendations aimed at addressing the risks associated with access and working at a height are included. This is to address the development of tankers with exposed deck framing which has resulted in some ships having elevated manifolds and working platforms at a significant height above the deck. Such arrangements pose safety issues. • Changes to recommendations on the position of vapour manifolds. Industry experience indicates that they are best located inside the bunker line(s), adjacent to the outer cargo lines and the recommendations now recognise this. Previous guidance recommended their retro-fitting outside the bunker line(s). • New methods of calculating manifold loads to more accurately the reflect the increased frequency of offshore operations and to specify the recommended materials used (section 3). • New guidance for shipyards and vessel operators on where to install LNG for fuel flanges at the vessel manifold. With the expansion of the recommendations to include chemical tankers and vessels of less than 16,000 tonnes deadweight, it is recommended that the guidance will be adopted for new builds contracted on or after 1 January 2019. The revised recommendations contained in this book are not intended to require modifications to existing manifold arrangements on vessels in service. This is a book of recommendations and is not a book of rules. It contains tanker industry accepted recommendations on safety and equipment., Where more stringent international, national, or local regulations apply, they must always take precedence. This publication supersedes the 4th edition of Recommendations for Oil Tanker Manifolds and Associated Equipment published in 1991. OCIMF and CDI welcome suggestions for improvement that can be considered for inclusion in future editions. They would also like to thank INTERTANKO for the assistance they provided during the writing process. OCIMF: [email protected] [email protected] CDI: [email protected] Contents v Contents Introduction iii Glossary vii Abbreviations viii Bibliography ix Note on metric/imperial conversion x Oil and chemical tanker tonnage categories x Section one Manifold position 2 1.1 Centre of manifold 4 1.2 Distance from the ship’s side 4 1.3 Height of manifold 4 1.4 Spacing 5 1.5 Cargo vapour manifolds 6 Section two Working platform and spill containment 8 2.1 Size and position 10 2.2 Spill containment draining 10 2.3 Strength of working platform 10 2.4 Loading arm jacks 10 2.5 Design of working platform 11 2.6 Access to working platform 11 2.7 Elevated working platforms 11 Section three Manifold design 14 3.1 Carbon steel manifold 16 3.2 Stainless steel manifold 18 3.3 Assumptions for load calculations 19 Section four Cargo and vapour manifold specification and fittings 22 4.1 Valves 24 4.2 Valve actuators 24 4.3 Distance pieces 24 4.4 Spool pieces and reducers 24 4.5 Blank flanges 26 Section five Hose support at ship’s side 28 5.1 Curved plate or pipe hose support 30 5.2 Hose support position 30 5.3 Hose support strength 30 Recommendations for Oil and Chemical Tanker Manifolds and Associated Equipment vi Section six Bunker connections and other connections 32 6.1 Number of connections 34 6.2 Size of connections and reducers for oil bunkers 34 6.3 Size of connections and reducers for LNG bunkers 34 6.4 Strength 35 6.5 Location 35 6.6 Oil spill containment 35 6.7 LNG spill containment and protection 35 6.8 Other connections 36 Section seven Lighting 38 Section eight Lifting equipment 42 8.1 Safe working loads 44 8.2 Area of operation of lifting equipment 44 8.3 Operating criteria for lifting equipment 45 8.4 Personnel transfer by crane (man-riding) 45 Section nine Deck fittings to facilitate hose handling at buoy moorings 46 9.1 Cruciform bollards 48 9.2 Bitts 48 9.3 Fairleads 48 9.4 Deck rings or lugs 49 9.5 Arrangements for ship to ship transfer 49 Section ten Connectors for ship/shore emergency shutdown system 50 Section eleven Standard manifold arrangements 54 11.1 Category ‘A, B, C’ Standard manifold arrangement, including vapour lines, for vessels up to 25,000 sdwt 56 11.2 Category ‘D’ Standard manifold arrangement, including vapour lines, for 25,001 to 60,000 sdwt vessels 58 11.3 Category ‘E & F’ Standard manifold arrangement, including vapour lines, for 60,001 to 160,000 sdwt vessels 60 11.4 Category ‘G’ Standard manifold arrangement, including vapour lines, for vessels over 160,000 sdwt 62 11.5 Typical manifold arrangement for a tiered chemical tanker 64 Glossary vii Glossary Within this publication, the terms below have the following meanings: Cruciform bollards Cross like bollard. Distance pieces Fitted outboard of the manifold valves and immediately inboard of the reducer or spool piece. Emergency shutdown (ESD) system ESD systems execute a sequential shutdown of ship or terminal pumps and valves in an emergency. ESD systems shut down the cargo transfer operation in a quick and controlled manner by closing the shutdown valves and stopping the transfer pumps and other relevant equipment. Fail safe Failing in the safest position. Loading arm The articulated metal loading arm system used for transferring product(s) to or from ships with the capability of accommodating differences in tides and freeboard and ship motions. Manifold The flanged pipe assembly onboard ship to which the presentation flange of the loading arm or spool piece connects. Presentation flange The presentation flange is the outboard flange of the spool piece or reducer that is presented/connected to the loading arm or hose. Principle reducer Reducer connected at manifold. Recommendations OCIMF supports and endorses a particular method of working or procedure. Reserve reducer Reducer that is in ship’s stock. Spool piece Connected to distance piece and presented to loading arm. Transfer system For the purpose of this publication the transfer system may be referred to as a marine loading arm (MLA), loading arm, hard arm, or hose. CD E FL M P R ST